As engineers, you use many components and devicesevery day that you treat as black boxes. You are concernedonly about the inputs and outputs of the blackbox, and that approach is acceptable provided ...

In the past few years, the pitch on digital control of switching regulators has been rising steadily. In a typical analog implementation, a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) switching regulator is built ...

Because of the widespread use of pulse-width modulation (PWM), the efficiency of a synchronous buck converter operating in this mode is well understood. However, relatively few designers understand ...

When you’re looking to add some wireless functionality to a project, there are no shortage of options. You really don’t need to know much of the technical details to make use of the more ...

Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

First I’ll tell what you already know. Back in the day, AM broadcasting was king and FM was commercial-free. Things changed in the 1970s as FM grew in popularity. Here we are 40+ years later with many ...