Many assays have integrated, built-in, or internal controls to demonstrate their operability at specific procedural steps. What role do these built-in controls play in quality control to assure ...

Engineered oncolytic bacteria have emerged as a promising therapeutic platform for precision cancer treatment, offering tumor-specific colonization, immune activation, and controllable therapeutic ...

Clinical trials give patients hope — especially when all other available treatments have been exhausted. That hope compels patients to commit a substantial amount of time and effort for the chance to ...

Control arms in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have a key role in isolating the effects of the medical product from those caused by other factors. However, in some cases — such as phase II trials ...

We all get tempted away from the task at hand. Who resists this temptation? Does external control help us resist temptation? How well we resist temptation and the effects of external control depend on ...